LEFT ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVE
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Left Atrioventricular Valve - Overview, Preview from the app.
LEFT ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVE
What is the left atrioventricular valve?
- Also known as mitral valve
- Regulates blood flow between left atrium and left ventricle
- Ensures oxygen-rich blood moves efficiently into your left ventricle
- Prevents backflow during ventricular contraction
LEFT ATRIOVENTRICULAR ORIFICE
Left Atrioventricular Orifice, Preview from the app.
What is the left atrioventricular orifice?
- Opening between left atrium and left ventricle
- Surrounded by mitral valve
- Facilitates unidirectional blood flow through your heart
LEAFLETS OF MITRAL VALVE
Mitral Valve Leaflets, Preview from the app.
What are the leaflets of the mitral valve?
- Characterized by two main leaflets
Anterior Leaflet
What is the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve?
- Larger of the two leaflets
- Positioned adjacent to aortic valve
- Surgical Subdivisions:
- A1 section
- A2 section
- A3 section
- Subdivisions allow precise surgical identification
Posterior Leaflet
What is the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve?
- Smaller leaflet
- Surgical Scallops:
- P1 scallop
- P2 scallop
- P3 scallop
- Divisions aid surgical descriptions and interventions
Commissural Leaflets
What are the commissural leaflets of the mitral valve?
- Smaller leaflets at convergence points
- Located where anterior and posterior leaflets meet
- Positioned at angles of valve
- Essential for sealing the orifice during ventricular contraction
TENSION APPARATUS
What is the tension apparatus of the mitral valve?
- Essential for proper valve function
- Prevents leaflet inversion into your atrium
- Prevents valve prolapse during ventricular systole
- Components:
- Papillary muscles
- Chordae tendineae
Papillary Muscles
What are the papillary muscles of the left ventricle?
- Contract with ventricular myocardium
- Simultaneous contraction with your ventricle
- Tighten chordae tendineae
- Secure leaflets in position
Chordae Tendineae
What are the chordae tendineae?
- Tendinous cords connecting leaflets to papillary muscles
- Tightened during ventricular contraction
- Anchor leaflets to prevent eversion
Coordinated Action
How does the tension apparatus coordinate valve closure?
- Ensures efficient valve closure in your heart
- Prevents regurgitation of blood into your left atrium
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Gray H, Lewis W. Angiology. In: Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918. p. 526–542.
2. Gosling JA, Harris PF, Humpherson JR, Whitmore I, Willan PLT. Human anatomy: color atlas and textbook. 6th ed. 2017. 45–58 p.
3. Anderson RH, Spicer DE, Hlavacek AM, Cook AC, Backer CL. (2013). Anatomy of the cardiac chambers. In Wilcox’s Surgical Anatomy of the Heart (4th ed., pp. 13–50). Cambridge University Press.
4. Fritsch H, Kuehnel W. Color Atlas of Human Anatomy. Vol. Volume 2, Color Atlas and Textbook of Human Anatomy. 2005. 10–42 p.
5. Moore K, Dalley A, Agur A. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Vol. 7ed, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 2014. 132–151 p.
6. Ho SYen. Anatomy for Cardiac Electrophysiologists: A Practical Handbook. Cardiotext Pub; 2012. 5–27 p.
